The Australian Mathematical Olympiad (AMO) is a highly selective, proof-based mathematics competition organised by the Australian Mathematics Trust (AMT). It is typically a two-day exam with challenging problems that test deep understanding, creativity, and rigor in areas such as algebra, geometry, number theory and combinatorics. Entry to the AMO is by invitation, usually offered to high-performing students from earlier AMT competitions and enrichment programs (such as the Australian Mathematics Competition and associated training programs). It targets advanced secondary students, often in Years 9–12, who are interested in pursuing mathematics at a high level. Participation in the AMO can lead to further selection for national training schools and potential representation of Australia at international competitions like the International Mathematical Olympiad. Students benefit by developing advanced problem-solving skills, honing their proof-writing abilities, and gaining exposure to university-level mathematics. The AMO is well regarded in academic circles and can be a strong indicator of mathematical talent for future study and scholarship opportunities.