The Iranian Biology Olympiad (IrBO) is a selective, nationwide academic competition in Iran designed to identify and train outstanding high school students in biology. It is organized by the Iranian National Organization for Development of Exceptional Talents (NODET) as part of Iran’s broader science Olympiad program, and serves as the pathway for selecting the national team for the International Biology Olympiad (IBO). The competition is typically open to academically strong secondary students (generally equivalent to upper high school grades), who progress through multiple stages of rigorous written theory exams and, for top candidates, practical laboratory rounds and intensive training camps. Participants deepen their understanding of key biology fields such as cell biology, genetics, physiology, ecology, and evolution, while developing scientific thinking, problem-solving, and experimental skills. High-ranking students may earn national recognition, medals, and the opportunity to represent Iran at the IBO.